Uma proposta de ensino sobre resolução de problemas com alunos do Ensino Fundamental

Abstract

This paper presents the results of a master's research project aimed at developing the ability of 9th grade students to solve math problems. In order to achieve this goal, we first surveyed the main strategies for solving math problems, as pointed out by experts in the field such as Posamentier, Krulik, Stancanelli, Engel, among others; and then we investigated how students view the process of solving math problems, their attitudes, desires and difficulties. Based on an understanding of the students' strategies and relationship with problem-solving, the aim was to use a pedagogical intervention to bring out math problem-solving heuristics in the students. This pedagogical intervention made use of a didactic sequence based on a methodology that considered Problem Solving Strategies, in 13 50-minute meetings, in a class with 27 (twenty-seven) elementary school students. Finally, an assessment was made of these students' learning in the Problem Solving process, before and after the pedagogical intervention. As a result, this didactic sequence has become an educational product to help teachers in their teaching practices, considering the cognitive development and skills of students when solving math problems.