A educação especial na perspectiva da educação inclusiva em Luziânia e Valparaíso de Goiás: análise documental do censo escolar de 2007 a 2020

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the school census of special education from 2007 to 2020, in particular special education from the perspective of inclusive education, in the cities of Luziânia and Valparaíso de Goiás. This educational modality guarantees access and permanence to students with specific needs in basic education in Brazil. This study presents the main historical landmarks and legal foundations in the struggle to guarantee an effectively inclusive education. The research presents the scenario of special education, in relation to the number of enrollments, classes and teachers in common classes and in exclusive classes, registered in the School Census, through a methodological approach of documentary and bibliographic survey. This time frame presents a milestone due to the inclusion of special education being counted in the Census from 2007 onwards. The information provided in the Educational Municipal Plan of both municipalities was also analyzed. The results found show that there was an increase in the number of enrollments of students with specific needs over these 14 years in elementary school, both in common classes and in exclusive classes, in the two cities analyzed. As for secondary education, the results show a greater exclusion when related to enrollment in primary education, regarding access, permanence, and success of the target audience of special education, showing the lack of effective public policies at that stage of education.