Desenvolvimento de uma bancada didática, esteira transportadora, contadora e seletora de peças

Abstract

The process of professional or technological training provided by educational institutions, in general, requires didactic resources to help teachers and students. These teaching resources can help teachers to teach their classes more efficiently. Consequently, they help students to absorb theoretical content. An interesting type of teaching resource is the didactic benches, as they have positively influenced the behavior and way of thinking of students in face of the reality of the labor market. The didactic benches help to understand the theoretical contents worked during classes. In the area of Electrical Engineering, for example, they help during the study of subjects such as: PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), Pneumatics, Electrical Circuits and Electrical Drives. This project aims to develop a didactic bench that simulates part of an industrial process. The workbench comprises a conveyor belt, counter and parts selector, as well as sensors, pneumatic actuators and a control panel. Through the Ladder programming code, inserted in the PLC, it was possible to control the bench components. When detecting the parts, the sensors emit electrical pulses on the digital inputs of the PLC, the system controller. These electrical pulses allow the PLC to count the pieces. The controller reads and processes the information received, then makes decisions according to the algorithm inserted in it. Afterwards, one of the relay outputs corresponding to the type of part is activated and the pneumatic cylinder pushes the part to the storage box to which it belongs. The cycle is repeated until it reaches the quantity of parts established in the schedule, consequently, it makes the system stop. In addition, the generated system will, in the future, have applicability for the teaching of subjects of the Bachelor's Degree in Electrical Engineering at the Federal Institute of Goiás, Jataí campus, and will enable the study of new teaching methodologies.