Análise comparativa das infrações ambientais registradas no município de Aparecida de Goiânia (2014/2015 – 2016/2017) usando técnicas de geoprocessamento

Abstract

The economic development, population growth and disorderly expansion of cities make relevant studies focused on the prevention of activities that cause adverse environmental impacts on the environment relevant. Urban environmental inspections seek to ensure that actions that impact the environment are conducted in accordance with current legislation. In this context, this research aimed to verify the influence of socioeconomic variables and land use and occupation zoning in relation to environmental infractions that occurred in the city of Aparecida de Goiânia, between two periods of occurrence (2014/2015 e 2016/2017), using geoprocessing techniques and descriptive statistics. Twenty-eight maps were developed using the method of classifying the infraction data with equal intervals and other geoprocessing tools, which made it possible to identify the highest concentrations of environmental infraction records in areas (neighborhoods or sectors) with the lowest population density and the income. Analyzing environmental infractions in relation to socioeconomic variables, income and demographic density, the results showed that there was a negative influence on noise, air and water pollution, that is, there was an increase in infractions. As for various and soil pollution, there was a decrease in infractions in relation to socioeconomic variables. As for zoning of land use, the highest concentrations of infraction notices corresponded firstly to the Low Density Residential Zone and secondly to the Mixed Medium Density Zone. In this sense, it was concluded that the socioeconomic and zoning variables of the soil have had a negative influence on environmental degradation, that is, there was an increase, especially in the regions located to the north of the municipality, central and southern regions, respectively.