Formação do conceito de volume no 5º ano do ensino fundamental: um experimento didático formativo baseado na perspectiva da teoria do ensino desenvolvimental

Abstract

This research was conducted with students of the 5th grade of Elementary School, from the EMEF- Nestor Fonseca Municipal School of Elementary Education of Rio Verde - GO resulted in the elaboration, organization and analysis of three activities. We used as auxiliary resources the HagáQuê software and the Math Club. The Developmental Teaching Theory was the theoretical basis that underlies the propositions built in the research in order to answer the question that guides the present work, namely: of geometric solids: cube, parallelepiped and pyramid by 5th grade students? ”. The objectives of this work are to understand the Theory of Developmental Teaching and its particularities to elaborate and organize three activities, following the characteristics of the theory, namely: preliminary activity, experimentation activity and verification activity. The application of each activity took place in eight meetings, previously organized in an informal space called “math club”. The main focus of the meetings was around the formation of the concept of volume and, to achieve this goal, the following were used: sounding, mediation, activities, decomposition of the worked solids, among other strategies in order to verify the possible Volume concept formation. The elaborated activities sought not only to cover the genetic aspects of the object, but to provoke a dialectical movement between the inductions presented and the formations built on the core of the concept of volume. The research method applied was qualitative, focusing on the analysis. The data analysis was based on the description of the reports of the research subjects under the analysis of three categories that aimed to identify the possible signs of formation of the concept of volume. The results showed that the organization of teaching is a peculiar part for the development of the cognitive process of students. In the development of this work, we highlight the creation of a website for mathematics teachers from the early years of elementary school to present the study developed, as well as assist those who want to use it as a motivation for their classes and want to work. organized activities, based on the didactic-formative experiment for the formation of mathematical concepts from the perspective of the Developmental Teaching Theory.