Relação dos casos de dengue e fatores socioeconômicos e ambientais em Aparecida de Goiânia-GO baseado em análise espacial e mineração de dados

Abstract

Considered a important public health problem in Brazil, dengue has spread uncontrollably throughout the country over the past few years, revealing upward trends in the disease transmission. It is currently one of the major concerns of health management because its transmission is essentially urban, an environment in which all the essential factors for its occurrence are present: the man, the virus, the vector and the economic, political and cultural conditions that contribute for the establishment and spread of contamination. Due to these peculiarities, analyzing risk factors as well as their relationship to the development of the disease vector, the Aedes aegypti mosquito, is a crucial point for intervention measures in mosquito prevention. The aim of this study was to analyze which socioenvironmental factors are more present in the environments with higher incidence of case, characterizing the favorable environment for the proliferation of the disease. To achieve the goal, a data mining process was conducted to find correlations, patterns and trends between dengue cases information and socioenvironmental indicators. Once the most influential variables were identified, it was possible to analyze, from the crossing of data in a GIS environment associated with a Geographic Database, the relationship between dengue and the indicators of income, education and sanitation, as well as of the demographic densification. The spatial correlation between dengue cases and social indicators was performed and contrary to what was expected, the chosen variables showed very low spatial correlation, which suggest that for the municipality of Aparecida de Goiânia, variables such as income, basic sanitation, density Population and urban voids are not sufficient to explain dengue.