Estudo documental do sistema de desinfecção da estação de tratamento de esgoto dr. Hélio Seixo de Britto

Abstract

The increasing environmental requirements related to the discharge of treated effluents into water bodies, together with the commitments established under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those aimed at expanding access to basic sanitation, have made the adoption of tertiary treatment stages in wastewater treatment plants increasingly necessary. In this context, the present study analyzed the gaseous chlorine disinfection system proposed for the Dr. Hélio Seixo de Britto Wastewater Treatment Plant, located in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, assessing its technical and operational suitability in relation to wastewater characteristics and operating conditions. The methodology consisted of a bibliographic review, documentary analysis, and case study, based on technical reports, operational data from the treatment plant, and applicable technical standards. The study examined the main disinfection methods employed in wastewater treatment plants, with emphasis on gaseous chlorination, considering aspects related to microbiological efficiency, operational control, safety in the handling of chemical products, and compatibility with large-scale treatment facilities. The results showed that the WWTP influent presents high organic and microbiological loads, reinforcing the need for the implementation of an additional disinfection stage. The study indicated that the gaseous chlorination system presents characteristics compatible with the operational demands of the treatment plant, especially considering the high flow rates treated and the requirement for continuous operation. Furthermore, the automation, monitoring, and risk mitigation devices incorporated into the proposed system contribute to improving operational safety, while the comparison among disinfection methods indicated that the selected solution is technically suitable for the demands of the studied WWTP. Therefore, this work provides technical support for the implementation of disinfection systems in wastewater treatment plants, highlighting the importance of tertiary treatment processes in improving the quality of treated effluents.