Música na educação infantil: crítica à (de) formação humana em uma perspectiva adorniana

Abstract

This bibliographic research of a documentary nature entitled: “Music in Early Childhood Education: criticism of (de) Human Formation in an Adornian perspective” seeks to understand, from the perspective of Frankfurt Critical Theory, to what extent the reflection on the manifestation of human (de) formation, through music, can guide an educational perspective in early childhood. Likewise, it investigates the contradictions of the Cultural Industry for the musicalization process based on the contents of the BNCC for Early Childhood Education. This work is linked to the line of research “Theoretical-methodological approaches to teaching practices” of the Professional Master's Program in Arts (PROF-ARTES) at the Federal Institute of Goiás (IFG). Its general objective is to reflect on these formative principles based on Adorno's conception of the child's artistic, critical and cultural formation process. It is divided into three specific objectives, namely: contextualizing Early Childhood Education and educational practice in its political, economic, social and cultural spheres in order to understand the concepts and practices of BNCCEI; analyze the presentation of musical content through guiding documents, specifically the BNCC, the DCGO and other documents such as the National Curricular References, the Curricular Parameters for EI; interpret Frankfurtian critical theory in its fundamental concepts of (de) formation, pseudo-individuation, alienation, barbarism, Cultural Industry. Therefore, the research developed presented negative dialectics as a method, theoretically supported by the assumptions of Adornian theory and intends to discuss the (de) formative principles in the child's musicalization process. In summary of the results obtained, we highlight that rampant consumerism consolidates the dictates of the industry, but it is possible to challenge this logic, as emphasized by Adorno, by directing, through music, the formation of individuals from early childhood towards awareness, allowing give them greater coping capacity and autonomy.