Projeto e simulação de máquina síncrona de ímã permanente

Abstract

This work aims to develop and analyze a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) with an outer rotor, designed for direct application in traction systems of electric scooters. Given the growing demand for sustainable solutions in urban mobility, the need for more efficient, compact, and high power density electric motors becomes evident. The adoption of an outer rotor topology directly coupled to the wheel is justified by the possibility of eliminating mechanical transmission components, such as gear reducers and differentials, thus reducing weight, mechanical losses, and overall system cost. The research initially presents the mathematical modeling involved in the Finite Element Method (FEM), aiming to solve electromagnetic problems relevant to the machine design stage, such as the calculation of phase magnetic flux, back electromotive force (EMF), and electromagnetic torque. Subsequently, the study details the constructive and electromagnetic design process, with emphasis on the influence of each parameter on the motor’s overall performance. Finally, computational simulations based on FEM are carried out, providing performance curves essential to assess the feasibility of the proposed application. The obtained results highlight the potential of the studied topology for use in light electric vehicles, especially urban scooters, contributing to the advancement of clean and eficiente technologies in the mobility sector.