Dimensionamento de um SPDA para a quadra poliesportiva do Instituto Federal de Goiás, Campus Itumbiara: estudo de caso.

Abstract

Lightning strikes represent a significant risk to people, buildings, electrical installations and equipment, especially in metallic structures and areas intended for user circulation. In this context, this study aims to design a Lightning Protection System (LPS) for the sports court of the Federal Institute of Goiás — Itumbiara Campus, based on the criteria established by ABNT NBR 5419:2026. The research was developed through an applied case study, including bibliographic review, standards analysis, field inspection, identification of the physical characteristics of the structure, electrical measurements, risk assessment and design of the airtermination, down-conductor, earthing, equipotential bonding and internal protection subsystems. The analyzed sports court has a metallic roof, robust structure, columns distributed along its perimeter, metallic fences and screens accessible to users, as well as an electrical supply for lighting. The risk assessment mainly considered risk R1, related to loss of human life or permanent injury, resulting in a value lower than the tolerable risk established by the standard. Nevertheless, due to the collective use of the building, the presence of students and staff, accessible metallic parts and applicable safety requirements, Lightning Protection Level II (LPL II) was adopted for the LPS design. The results indicated the possibility of using the metallic roof as a natural air-termination component, the columns and structural elements as natural down-conductors, and the foundations as natural earthing electrodes. The need for equipotential bonding of the metallic fences and screens was also identified, due to the potential difference observed between these elements and the main structure, as well as the recommendation to install surge protective devices in the lighting distribution board. It is concluded that the proposed solution contributes to reducing risks associated with lightning strikes, improves user safety and adapts the structure to the technical criteria of ABNT NBR 5419:2026.