Projeto de um caracterizador automático de curvas para painéis fotovoltaicos utilizando sistema de aquisição de dados assistido por supervisório

Abstract

The generation of photovoltaic energy has been growing a lot in the whole world. In Brazil, public policies have contributed to this growth, especially for distributed generation (GD). This growth justifies the increase of works and scientific researches related to the development of new technologies for solar energy. Considering the current context, this project proposes the construction of a prototype of a curve characterizer for photovoltaic modules, with the objective of obtaining the characteristic curves IV (Current x Voltage) and PV (Power x Voltage) and comparing them with a computational simulation made from data obtained from solar cells manufacturers. This comparison allows to validate the mathematical model used in the simulation, in this case, the Newton Raphson method. The characterization of photovoltaic modules makes possible to analyze the influence of environmental conditions on the generated power, being able to identify problems such as: partial shading, dirt in the modules and loss in generation due to aging. In this way the prototype of this project can be used to verify the generating efficiency of a module, as well as for the creation of a database in different climatic conditions, for future comparisons, being the circuit used in this prototype has a low cost compared to commercial models, that makes it possible to apply them.