Subestações convencionais versus subestações com geração distribuída: estudo dos níveis de curto-circuito e alterações técnicas na proteção elétrica

Abstract

The growing insertion of photovoltaic distributed generation in the industrial sector has demanded new approaches to the analysis and planning of electrical systems, especially with regard to short circuit levels and protection coordination. This work presents a technical study applied to an industrial installation served at medium voltage, comparing the electrical behavior of a conventional substation with that of a substation integrated with a photovoltaic plant. The methodology adopted consists of collecting and organizing the system's electrical data, modeling the network, calculating short-circuit currents and evaluating the impacts caused by the insertion of distributed generation. Changes in fault current values are analyzed, as well as the implications of these variations for protection devices and compliance with applicable standards, including Equatorial Goiás guidelines. The study highlights the need to reevaluate protection adjustments and coordination between equipment, reinforcing the importance of detailed technical analyzes for the safe integration of photovoltaic systems in industrial environments.