Análise técnico-econômica da geração distribuída fotovoltaica aplicada ao IFG-Câmpus Itumbiara: estudo de caso com otimização contratual de demanda no grupo A4.

Abstract

This work aims to carry out a technical and economic analysis of the implementation of a photovoltaic distributed generation (DG) system for a Group A consumer, using the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Goiás - Itumbiara Câmpus as a case study. The study arises from the growing need to modernize the national electrical matrix, seeking sustainable and economically viable solutions for public institutions, especially in the context of increasing energy demand and recent regulatory changes brought by Law No. 14.300/2022. A comparative approach was employed between the years 2017, before the installation of the solar plants and 2024, with the photovoltaic systems already in operation. The applied methodology involved an integrated analysis of photovoltaic generation data, the energy injected into the grid (reverse power), and consumption records from the low-voltage general panels (LVDP), allowing the estimation of the actual energy consumption of each sector of the câmpus, including the auditorium and Blocks 300, 400, and 500 (upper and lower levels), thereby providing a detailed view of the institution's energy behavior. The results demonstrate the benefits of DG in reducing electricity costs, as well as in optimizing the use of the internal electrical infrastructure and mitigating environmental impacts. This study contributes to understanding the technical and financial feasibility of distributed generation for Group A consumers and serves as a reference for future initiatives in similar contexts.