Estudo de propriedades do concreto leve com argila expandida

Abstract

In civil construction, the search for alternative materials of low specific mass, which reduce the own weight of structures, has been studied by researchers in order to provide the production of lightweight concrete with mechanical properties similar to conventional concrete and with minimal resistance required by the standard. In this sense, this work sought to study a concrete produced with expanded clay replacing conventional coarse aggregate (gravel 1) and to analyze its compressive strength, slump, water absorption index and specific mass, comparing it with concrete conventional. It was seen in the experiments that the concrete produced with expanded clay has good compressive strength at 28 days. The results presented in the traits studied were 35.76 MPa for the rich trait, 24.68 MPa for the standard and 20.91 MPa for the poor trait, all of which are higher than that required by NBR 6118, 2014, which is 20 MPa, for structural concrete. This resistance found was the characteristic resistance of concrete (fck), the average resistance of concrete (fcj) was not calculated, in which there is an increase in values by means of a safety coefficient to guarantee the resistance sought by the project. In the fresh state, lightweight concrete has good workability with a low A/C ratio and in the hardened state it has a higher water absorption rate than conventional concrete, as well as a specific mass about 40% lower than that of concrete produced with conventional crushed stone. Lightweight concrete with expanded clay is an interesting alternative material for those constructions with large spans, which require a reduction in the structure's own weight. This reduction in self-weight relieves the foundations and saves the work as a viole.