Desenvolvimento de sintonias de controladores PID para controle de vazão em planta didática

Abstract

The main objective of this work was to develop and analyze PID controller tuning for flow control in a didactic plant, exploring techniques for modeling and identification of dynamic systems. The study was conducted using a didactic plant that emulates industrial processes, enabling the exploration of modeling and control techniques in both practical and virtual simulated environments. The focus was to implement a new flow control process and study its dynamic behavior. To achieve this, an identification algorithm was developed in MATLAB®, which allowed for modeling the plant components, such as the pump and the control valve. These models were integrated into the TDPS (Time-Domain Process Simulator) software for simulation and analysis. Several PID controller tuning methods were tested, including Ziegler-Nichols, CHR, Cohen and Coon, and error integral-based methods, to evaluate the control performance under different operational conditions. The results highlighted the influence of nonlinearities, such as the valve's installed characteristic and the pump's dynamic behavior, in addition to the conditions of other plant elements, on the effectiveness of the control. It was concluded that the choice of proper tuning and the operational conditions of the system are essential for ensuring stability and performance, particularly in processes with significant nonlinearities. This work contributes a new approach to flow control in the didactic plant, providing a solid foundation for future research and practical applications in industrial process control.