Reflexões sobre o racismo e suas manifestações no espaço escolar

Abstract

This monograph has the theme: “Reflections on racism and its manifestations in the school space”. The general objective of the research was to understand what racism is and how it is expressed in the school space. The specific objectives were firstly, to understand the different concepts of racism and secondly: to identify how racism manifests itself in the school space. The methodology chosen was theoretical-bibliographical research based on the survey and review of published works on the subject: books, articles, master’s, and doctoral research, among others. The theoretical references used were ethnic-racial studies: Almeida (2019) Carvalho (2019) Cavaleiro (2010) Gomes (2005) and Kilomba (2020) to study the concept of racism and Moreira-Primo (2020) Moreira (2019) Nascimento (2009) Nogueira (2020) Oliveira (2022) and Pereira (2022) to reflect on the process of racism at school. As results of the study, we understand that racism has different conceptualizations, for Almeida (2019) racism is institutional and structural. For Kilomba (2020), racism is mainly every day and is based on negative representations of black people. The author Gomes (2005) defines the different concepts of race relations in Brazil and for her there is also a type of racism that is called individual or behavioral, which is when someone directly attacks or rejects black people. For Cavaleiro (2010) we live in the myth of racial democracy and therefore racism is not seen as something serious and Nascimento (2009) shows that the racial structure in Brazil is a structure that has been lethal for black people. Another result of the study achieved is about the school space, in which racism appears as: a) rejection of black hair and body, black children feel embarrassed by the imposed standards of beauty where their hair and body become a reason for comparisons and impositions of the white beauty standard b) recreational, through jokes and teasing in which they use humor to inferiorize black people, c) religious intolerance, in which children belonging to African-based religions are made to feel embarrassed and to deny their religion so as not to be persecuted. To conclude, facing racism is a challenge, it is first necessary to face the myth of racial democracy and admit that racism exists in schools, fight for the implementation of law 10639/2003 and fight for continued training for everyone and all professionals of education so that children can feel safe within the school space and that what was, for centuries, seen as negative in relation to black people and black culture is seen as something positive and beautiful as it is.