Reflexões iniciais sobre as questões de gênero e suas desigualdades na escola

Abstract

This course conclusion work is entitled: “Initial reflections on gender issues and their inequalities at school”. Our general objective is to understand what gender is and how its issues and inequalities appear at school. The specific objectives are: understand the concept of gender; analyze how gender issues appear at school: in curriculum documents, in the view of teachers and in the relationship between children. The chosen methodology is theoretical-bibliographical research. In other words, based on articles, books and research, reflections on the subject were made. The theoretical framework is composed of Joan Scott (1989), Louro (1995), Furlani (2016), Finco and Viana (2009), Escoura, Lins, Machado (2016), Moreno (1999) and they are authors who study gender. As results of the study, we understand that gender, according to Scott (1989) is based on differentiations between the sexes and a primary way of signifying power relations, for Louro (1995), gender is something imposed by society, this society imposes and defines feminine and masculine characteristics through and beyond the biological, and for Furlani (2016, s/p) gender “is everything that society and culture expect and project in terms of behavior, opportunities, capabilities, etc. for the boy and the girl.” Another result achieved with the study was realizing that when we think about gender issues at school we need to know the documents that guide the curriculum and practice at school. And most documents defend gender equality, but in practice we know that this is not the case, the school cannot guarantee what the documents dictate, we live in a sexist society, and therefore the school is impacted by this in the way it organizes boys and girls, in content, in teaching attitudes. Our research also reflected on how children themselves, when they are alone in the school playground, reproduce gender inequalities by occupying the playground space, where girls are in groups, sitting, talking and occupying a smaller space and boys occupy the largest spaces, playing, running and playing ball. Another aspect we noticed is that teachers have an unequal gender view of children.