O Tangram como jogo didático para o ensino-aprendizagem de matemática no primeiro ano do ensino fundamental

Abstract

This research was developed in the Postgraduate Program in Education for Science and Mathematics at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Goiás Campus Jataí, in the line of research School Organization, Teacher Training and Education for Science and Mathematics. The research was carried out in a municipal public school in Jataí in Goiás, and it general objective was to identify to what extent the didactic game Tangram contributes to the teaching-learning of Mathematics in the initial years of Elementary School. The didactic game is characterized in research as a game that has pedagogical value. As it is a professional master's degree as an educational product, a didactic sequence was created addressing the Tangram game as a didactic-pedagogical strategy for the teaching-learning process and evaluated in real classroom situations with elementary school children. is: How can educational games be used to facilitate the teaching and learning of mathematics in the early years? In the qualitative approach research, a survey was carried out of different didactic-pedagogical strategies that address the didactic game, with Tangram being selected. Then the educational product was created, which consists of a Didactic Sequence to explore the Tangram game through various resources, such as the 3D printer, Wordwall games and manual games. The product was evaluated in the classroom, using the observation technique and recording in a field diary, for subsequent analysis and systematization of the results. The results indicated the Tangram game as an important alternative for teaching and learning mathematics, since children show more interest in classes and involvement in learning. Tangram, in addition to enabling the learning of mathematics concepts in a playful and investigative way, encourages children to create hypotheses, develop creativity and take a leading role in their learning. Furthermore, the Tangram game has great potential for teaching geometric shapes and basic mathematical operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Elaborate activities can be enhanced with the use of a 3D printer, as was the example of the Tangram addition game developed by the researcher.