Métodos alternativos de tratamento de efluentes domésticos e reutilização de águas cinzas, uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática

Abstract

Due to the great availability through a natural cycle, it was notorious that the general interpretation of humanity about the availability of water was that it would be an inexhaustible resource, however, the current reality is of water scarcity in several countries, including in Brazil, which has a very privileged location taking into account the amount of water reserves. Given these facts and data, this perception allows, in addition to creating, to apply new technologies that can help rationalize the use of drinking water. The reuse of gray water from the treatment of domestic effluents gives this attempt at economy a beneficial alternative for society. This article brings together techniques and studies of alternative treatment of effluents on a small and medium scale with the objective of comparing studies that propose new alternatives for the treatment of domestic effluents and pointing out the best study among those presented and also proposes the use of these treated waters in activities that do not require potable water, that is, techniques for treating and reusing water in homes. In addition, the article points out and discusses the results presented in the research and presents the biological treatment associated with a membrane system, as the main alternative for the treatment of domestic effluents, this definition took into account the results obtained by the authors and the ease of assembly. of the treatment system for use and study in society at large.