Desenvolvimento de um sistema de baixo custo para aquisição de dados e monitoramento web de usinas fotovoltaicas

Abstract

This work presents a study of the photovoltaic solar generation system, using a solar module as a basis for monitoring a photovoltaic solar plant at the Federal Institute of Goiás - Campus Itumbiara. The main objective is the development of a low cost device for data acquisition and monitoring of photovoltaic solar plants that does not depend on the inverter manufacturer. In order to monitor the plants, it is necessary to obtain the data and send them to a web system, where it is possible to carry out analyzes of the behavior of the generation of a solar plant installed at the Federal Institute of Goiás - Campus Itumbiara. Initially, some of the photovoltaic systems installed in the institution are highlighted, where the number of systems, modules, inverters, angle, location and total power that each system is capable of generating are demonstrated. Subsequently, all the devices used for the development of the system's hardware are presented, such as sensors, microcontroller, power supply and an electrical signal conditioning circuit. Next, some strategies commonly used for monitoring the electrical power generated by one of the modules of the solar plant, the ambient temperature and the temperature of the solar module are presented through the use of a web system connected to a database that receives the information. of the microcontroller through a communication protocol. Finally, a low-cost system for data acquisition and web monitoring of the solar plant was built in the laboratory, aiming to monitor the solar plant through graphs and tables that are presented in the web system. Through the graphics of the web system, analyzes were carried out on the influence of the variation of the module's operating temperature on the electrical power generated. In turn, the low-cost system allowed analysis of the module generation during the days it was connected, allowing to conclude the predominant influence of temperature and solar radiation on the power generated by the module, verifying the great loss of efficiency with the reduction of both, usually on cloudy days.