Uma estratégia para escalonamento de consumo de energia elétrica em cenários com geração distribuída

Abstract

The multiplicity of energy generation sources, along with the need to use renewable alter- natives, increases investment in distributed generation. This is particularly true in Brazil due to its climatic and economic conditions. The country has an excellent solar irradiance index for the production of photovoltaic electricity and a vast territorial extension with an economic model focused on agriculture and livestock raising with a meaningful amount of available biomass. However, to make the most of this potential, it is necessary to deve- lop optimized solutions that allow finding the best consumption programming strategies, given the conditions for generating electricity. Therefore, this work presents the results of a strategy for the improvement of electrical energy consumption programming based on the Bin Packing problem. Adaptations to the main existing heuristics for this problem are proposed, as a way to provide a solution that enables the improvement of the energy potential in scenarios with distributed generation from photovoltaic and biomass systems. Initially, a proposal for modeling energy consumption and energy generation po- tential from photovoltaic and biomass sources is described. Then, through a case study, the results of the proposal are discussed considering the total available energy, functio- nality, and characteristics of electronic equipment. Finally, the results obtained with the application of heuristics are presented, which allows identifying that First-Fit and Worst Fit Decreasing were the most appropriate in solving the problem, with the scheduling of equipment individually and considering the operating dependencies between the pieces of equipment, Branch and Price is the most viable solution.