Análise estrutural de lajes maciças em concreto armado de uma residência unifamiliar de dois pavimentos: comparação da área de aço calculada pelo cálculo semiautomatizado e pelo uso do software TQS®

Abstract

Computational tools are present in structural design offices, because it has made viable analysis once not possible with pen and paper and the agility provided to the structural designer. In view of this, this study compared the calculated steel areas of solid slabs in the classical model in a semi-automated way and by using the TQS® software in a two-floor single family residence. For this, it was necessary to base the model on the current standards for structural design in reinforced concrete, model the structure in the TQS® program based on the architectural design, perform the pre-dimensioning with practical recommendations solidified in the area of structural engineering and validate the structural launch in the ultimate limit states and states of use (from the visualized in the Grid-TQS® and Portico-TQS® subsystems). Then, the global processing of the structure was done and the design of the solid slabs of the upper floor and roof was performed by semi-automated calculation. After that, for each slab, upper floor and penthouse, a comparison was made by the ratio of the results obtained in the semi-automated calculation on the TQS® program. In this structural design of a single-family building of two floors, the semi-automated calculation resulted in positive steel areas for the upper floor slabs and roof slabs and on average 7.2% smaller than the TQS® program, on the other hand, in the negative reinforcement the semi-automated calculation showed steel areas, on average, 33.0% larger. This is due to the more precise analysis of the structure's behavior than the more complex calculation models used in modern structural calculation programs, achieving greater efficiency in the structure's design. The results also show that the design in the classic model of massive slabs solved by series is not obsolete, but a viable option in the aspect of safety and economy, meeting the normative prescriptions for structural projects.