Mapeamento das áreas de ocupação irregular no Rio das Antas e seus impactos na infraestrutura urbana em Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs) no município de Anápolis/GO.

Abstract

This study aims to map sections of the Antas River in the municipality of Anápolis, with a focus on Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs), and to examine how these areas interact with their urban surroundings, particularly regarding the protection of streams and rivers. The research evaluates the impacts resulting from the removal and suppression of riparian vegetation, including erosion processes, riverbank collapse, increased susceptibility to slope failures, and a higher incidence of flooding. The methodology is based on the use of geoprocessing techniques. The QGIS software was employed to build the database using data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), while the Brazilian Forest Code (Law No. 12,651/2012) provided the legal framework for the delimitation of PPAs. Field inspections were conducted at strategic locations using a technical inspection form to validate the digital assessment and document evidence of erosion processes, riparian vegetation suppression, and waste disposal. Finally, this study seeks to discuss how the field of Civil Engineering can contribute to the resolution and mitigation of these issues through sustainable drainage techniques, environmental restoration projects, integrated urban planning, and the development of infrastructure solutions that reconcile urban growth with the preservation and maintenance of environmental resources. The results confirmed the presence of irregular occupations, which intensify negative impacts on urban infrastructure and accelerate the hydrological and environmental degradation of these areas. It was concluded that geoprocessing is a vital tool for public management, and this study proposed Civil Engineering solutions, such as sustainable drainage techniques and environmental restoration projects, aimed at reconciling urban development with the preservation of water resources and the safety of the city’s infrastructure.