Biodiesel como temática investigativa para uma abordagem experimental contextualizada: a síntese a partir do óleo de tilápia

Abstract

The search for renewable energy sources has intensified discussions on sustainability and alternatives to fossil fuels, making biodiesel a relevant topic for Chemistry education. This study presents an inquiry-based teaching proposal that uses biodiesel synthesis from residual tilapia viscera oil as a strategy to contextualize chemical and environmental concepts. The activity was structured around a problem related to the reuse of aquaculture waste and the production of biofuels, encouraging students to formulate hypotheses, analyze experimental evidence, and develop scientific explanations. During the investigation, participants carry out stages involving raw material preparation, transesterification reaction, and qualitative characterization of the biodiesel produced, establishing connections with concepts such as organic functions, stoichiometry, catalysts, mixture separation techniques, and sustainability. The proposal promotes the integration of scientific, technological, and social knowledge, contributing to scientific literacy and the development of critical thinking skills. The results indicate that inquiry-based experimentation associated with contemporary socio-environmental issues can foster more meaningful learning experiences, increasing students' interest in Chemistry and in discussions about sustainable energy systems.