Controle de tráfego em tempo real com ESP32 e MQTT

Abstract

The accelerated growth of vehicle fleets in urban areas has increased mobility challenges, leading to frequent congestion, travel delays, and significant environmental impacts. In this context, the development of accessible and intelligent technological solutions becomes essential to improve traffic efficiency. This work presents the implementation of a real-time traffic control system, using the ESP32 microcontroller, the MQTT communication protocol, and ultrasonic sensors for vehicle detection. The proposed system allows the dynamic adjustment of traffic light timings according to road demand, thereby reducing queues, improving flow, and minimizing unnecessary stops. In addition to enhancing travel efficiency, the solution contributes to reducing fuel consumption and pollutant emissions, which are key aspects of sustainable urban development. The project combines Internet of Things (IoT) and automation concepts, standing out for its low cost, scalability, and ease of deployment in different urban contexts. Thus, it aims not only to improve mobility but also to promote smarter, safer, and more sustainable cities.