ESTUDO DOS IMPACTOS DA ENERGIA FOTOVOLTAICA EM REDES ELÉTRICAS CONVENCIONAIS

Abstract

This work studies the integration of photovoltaic (PV) energy into conventional power

grids, focusing on Goiás. Distributed photovoltaic generation (DPVG) has grown signifi- cantly, according to regulatory data, offering benefits such as low environmental impact

and improved voltage levels, especially in high-irradiance regions like Goiás. However, most DPVG systems are on-grid, injecting surplus energy into the grid, which may affect power quality. This study analyzes the technical, economic, and environmental impacts of such integration, based on a theoretical approach using data from Brazilian electricity

regulatory agencies. It examines how renewable sources influence power quality, par- ticularly with the increasing installation of PV panels, and addresses challenges from

intermittency and climatic dependence. The need for modernization of transmission and distribution infrastructure is discussed, along with emerging solutions like smart grids and energy storage. Public policies and incentives for renewable adoption are evaluated, with national and international case studies, emphasizing Goiás. The conclusions highlight the need for infrastructure investments and advanced technologies to enable a cleaner, sustainable energy matrix while maintaining quality and reliability of supply.