Redes, inovação e resiliência: o que explica a internacionalização das startups brasileiras?

Abstract

This thesis presents a systematic literature review of the internationalization strategies adopted by Brazilian technology-based startups, covering empirical studies published between 2012 and 2024. The research protocol followed the PICOC framework and was operationalized using the StArt software, resulting in the selection of eleven articles. The analysis identified three main internationalization trajectories: (i) incremental expansion, as described by the Uppsala Model; (ii) early and accelerated entry, associated with the Born Global phenomenon; and (iii) emergent strategies, guided by Effectuation logic and opportunity exploitation. Furthermore, the findings underscore the critical role of formal and informal networks—incubators, accelerators, universities, and funding agencies—in facilitating successful internationalization. Key barriers include limited financial resources, insufficient knowledge of target markets, and institutional instability. Finally, modular guidelines for entrepreneurs (pre-internationalization, market entry, and consolidation) and recommendations for more coordinated and sustainable public policies are proposed.