Robótica y Matemáticas Educativas: Potenciando el aprendizaje en la Educación Primaria I

Abstract

ABSTRACT Every society is marked by technological development that allows man to appropriate nature and transform it in favor of his interests. However, these changes also occur for political, economic, and social reasons. Like in other times, we are experiencing conflicts arising from technological advances. Education is a fertile field for using technology, given its range of possibilities, making learning more dynamic and motivating. With the rise of technologies applied to teaching, Educational Robotics has been incorporated by schools in different countries. Educational Robotics enables students to develop diverse skills and competencies, such as research work, the ability to criticize, knowing how to overcome difficulties in solving problems and developing logical reasoning. According to Valente (1999), the evolution of information technology has led to the emergence of more sophisticated computers, with more significant resources for use in the school environment, causing more emphasis to be placed on the technical than the pedagogical, with teachers needing knowledge in the former to produce significant pedagogical innovations. In 2022, to take Robotics as a methodology for public schools, the EDUBOT group (Group of Studies and Actions in Educational Robotics at IFG Câmpus Jataí) developed the extension action with the primary objective of holding events, training courses teaching and projects technological initiation related to the application of Educational Robotics in the teaching-learning process in Mathematics, in elementary school classes at schools in the municipal network of teaching in the city of Jataí-GO. The target audience was students and teachers of Basic Education (elementary education I) from Jataí (GO) public schools. Participated in the action in partnership with the Municipal Department of Education, Escola Municipal Professor João Justino de Oliveira -CAIC with a class of 30 5th-year students, observing the following criteria for choosing the institution: social vulnerability and academic performance, aiming to “improve their situation to ensure more students learning and with an adequate school flow” (IDEB, 2019); 30 teachers from the municipal education network and other institutions participated in the training course to train 480 | Página new trainers. The development of this extension action was characterized by using Educational Robotics as a pedagogical tool associated with the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) methodology. The proposed activities created environments in which the students became the protagonists and agents of their learning and academic development, motivated to build their knowledge by searching for solutions. Monitoring and Evaluation were carried out through observation and field notes during the development of activities, as well as through the application of questionnaires to understand the point of view of these participants and the Basic Education teachers involved on the applicability of the modules. Educational Robotics and the results achieved. Thus, the present work aims to analyze the use of Educational Robotics as a pedagogical resource, point out how this technology was used in the extension action, and evaluate the perspectives in relation to the cognitive process and the interaction of teachers in the teaching-learning process. It also highlights the importance of using technology in education, presenting the views of renowned authors such as Gardner, Perrenoud, Papert, and Piaget. Conceptualizes Educational Robotics; describes the Educational Kit used and shows the results obtained at the end of the extension action. At the end of the extension action, we were able to conclude that there was an engagement of teachers when taking the training course, leading them to rethink their pedagogical practice, and concerning the participating students, more interest in the actions to be developed, a new look at mathematical knowledge and more significant development in logical reasoning and robot programming using creativity, showing that without a doubt, Educational Robotics is an exciting alternative as a pedagogical tool in the teaching-learning process. It is an educational proposal that meets the theories and visions of today’s most renowned educators.