Matemática nos anos iniciais: o ensino de medidas de comprimento à luz da Pedagogia Histórico- Crítica

Abstract

This Educational Product (PE) is characterized as PTT1. It consists of a proposal for a pedagogical intervention developed in 2023, within the scope of the Professional Master's Degree in Education for Science and Mathematics at the Federal Institute of Goiás, Jataí Campus. It is a sequence of teaching about length measurements, part of the curricular component of Mathematics, with a class of the 1st year of Elementary School of a public school in Jataí-GO. With the NP it was sought to understand what contributions of Historical-Critical Pedagogy can be observed in the teaching of Mathematics to literacy children, from an intervention based on this pedagogy. The proposal is didactically translated into the moments that constitute the Historical-Critical Pedagogy (PHC) for the teaching-learning process: social practice as a moment of syncresis, problematization, instrumentalization, catharsis and social practice as a moment of synthesis – in observance of the triad content-form-recipient. It is important to emphasize that these moments do not occur in a linear or watertight way, but in a procedural, dialectical way, and by overcoming from one stage of knowledge to another. The teaching sequence seeks to promote the understanding of the evolution of length measurements, the knowledge of non-standard and standardized measurements, the use of measurement instruments, the comparison between quantities and the understanding of the implications of the system of measurements for the life of human beings in society. The content is addressed in its multiple dimensions. In the activities, the importance of human relations and the insertion of socioeconomic contexts in the system of measurements is emphasized, promoting an understanding of reality from the economic relations that involve it, leading the student to appropriate mathematical knowledge so that he can interpret reality and intervene in it as a historical, cultural and social subject belonging to the human race. We hope that this SP can inspire studies, reflections and practices that denote the critical and emancipatory character of school education from the first school year.