Análise numérica comparativa entre o método dos elementos finitos e o método das grelhas na análise estrutural do elemento laje: estudo de caso

Abstract

The technological advance led to the development of computational programs capable of representing the real behavior of the structure. Each software presents singularities that derives from different mathematical methods employed in its calculation matrix. Therefore, they present different results regarding stress, strain and displacements of the structure. This dissertation was carried out to process the floor slabs from a collective dwelling composed by fifteen (15) floors, through two (02) different numerical analyzes, finite element method (FEM) and grillage method, using two (02) softwares, which calculation numeric matrices correspond to the mentioned methods - SAP2000 V14r and Eberick V8r, respectively. Through a computational analysis, the maximum positive and negative bending moments, strains or maximum displacements, processing time and number of generated nodes were extracted to later make the percentage comparison, graphical and qualitative between the methodes, as well as the budget comparison of each method. The results obtained from the extraction and analysis of the results show that the Grillage Method provides conservative results. However, slabs which has regular shape with reduced free loads and spans are satisfactorily dimensioned when compared to the structural dimensioning via FEM, and when associated to the low computational cost, it represents a good alternative to the Structural Engineering.