Produção de células solares orgânicas como fonte de energia renovável

Abstract

Faced with the immense concern that torments our planet in relation to the great demand for energy generation, the increase in the cost of fossil fuels and the serious environmental problems caused by them, the study and production of new sources of renewable energy has increased considerably . The sun is present in virtually every space, so it is an immense source of energy and has great potential to meet the energy needs of the planet. Solar radiation can be converted into electricity through photovoltaic cells, where currently the most commercially used are silicon based, but have a high acquisition value and are not viable in relation to environmental preservation. Among the studies for the development of more efficient and sustainable cells, there are called third generation cells. Therefore, this work proposes the construction of organic solar cells that aim to overcome the impacts caused by the silicon cells, aiming at a higher energy efficiency with the lowest possible cost. It also proposes the synthesis of graphene for deposition on glass substrates to make the cell conductive. After the construction of the solar cells, tests were performed on the solar cells with and without sensitization with the organic dye. Some organic cells using strawberry dye, with pure pulp and through the extraction of anthocyanins obtained satisfactory results in measurements of electrical tensions, both in UV and solar light. The graphene synthesized presented higher conductivity compared to water and salt. On the other hand, it is known that changes and improvements of some parameters are still necessary, which will lead to a greater efficiency of the cells.