Análise da substituição do cimento Portland por resíduos agrícolas em argamassas

Abstract

The use of Portland cement is quite common and even considered essential in the execution of civil construction in Brazil. Despite being widely used and constantly present in constructions, presenting numerous advantages in relation to resistance, workability and also ease of purchase in construction houses, the manufacture of Portland cement ends up generating negative effects in relation to the environment, because in the process of construction its production is caused by limestone and clay rocks, which causes a certain environmental impact and also ends up generating waste from this manufacturing process. Another impact related to cement is the burning of coal during the limestone calcination process, which emits large amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere. The use of other materials, such as agricultural residues replacing Portland cement in buildings, has grown a lot over time and, mainly, with the constant preservation of methods that have the least possible environmental impact. The demand for replacing Portland cement has become popular and has been presenting more and more research related to the subject, highlighting important points that make a replacement advantageous or not. In the present work, it was specifically the replacement of Portland cement by agricultural residues in mortars. Residues were selected from a systematic review of the literature, using specific search terms on the topic in the adopted database. After selecting documents, it was possible to apply the predictive model of sustainability and useful life to establish, according to the transmission in relation to the reference mortar, which residue replaces Portland cement with the best characteristics. Among the agricultural residues analyzed in place of Portland cement were green coconut husk ash (CCV) at 10% content, rice husk ash (RCA) at 20% and sugarcane bagasse ash. (CBC) also at a 20% content in the replacement of cement, which were analyzed considering their characteristics and functionality when used in mortars in civil construction, always seeking results similar to those obtained with Portland cement and environmental and environmental benefits. Thus, the agricultural residue that presented the best performance after using the predictive model of sustainability was the CCA20 in relation to the tested reference mortar.