A construção de uma casa popular e os conhecimentos matemáticos envolvidos: orçamento e composição de custos.

Abstract

The main idea of this work is to show how mathematical knowledge is fundamental in the construction of a popular house, at all stages, of the project the execution of the work. Point out how Mathematical Modeling is within this process, in such a way it can be used as a mediator of mathematical knowledge, as a driving force of motivation to learn mathematics, allowing elementary school students also an approximation of professional areas such as civil engineering and architecture. This bibliographic research made the quantitative survey of materials, tools, construction labor to make the cost to make the budget; before starting the "possible" construction. The study focused only on the construction of low-income single-family homes. And in the technical norms of the zoning and land use laws of the municipalities where these constructions are carried out. This study began with the choice of the place to build a house and the construction pattern, such as the number of rooms. Yes, these two parameters are fundamental to defining the budget. The study was based on the buildings according to the technical standards of constructions. Every building must have a technical responsible for it, such as a civil engineer or an architect registered with CREA or CAU. For, most municipalities in Brazil have a code of posture and zoning with all the necessary information about buildings and land occupation code and other technical standards. Requirements must be observed with the qualities of building materials such as: steels, cement, sand, bricks, woods, tiles, manpower; the nr 18 technical standard deals with the safety of workers and construction sites in the construction industry. Observing the rules to make an analytical budget with maximum precision, using official tables such as SINAPI of the Federal savings bank, those offered by SINDUSCON of each state, the TCPO (Price composition table and budget) of pini publishing house that presents a complete study how to make a good budget, it brings how to make the quantitative survey of materials and labor and the cost of each service. The budget consists of two parts: quantitative survey and price quotation of the in sums. The budget consists of two parts: the survey of the quantity and the price quotation of each index. According to the study, we realized how mathematical calculations are essential in the construction of a popular house, in the case of this study, the budget, and these calculations can be explored by the mathematics teacher at elementary school. And also, an opportunity to show, know the professional area of the civil engineer in a particular case of professional performance.