Prospecção fitoquímica preliminar de extratos etanólicos de Monguba do Cerrado (Pachira aquática) e Quina do Cerrado (Strychnos pseudoquina)

Abstract

The Cerrado biome has a large amount of endemic plants that can be rich in secondary metabolism substances, also known as allelochemicals. The identification of the occurrence of these chemical constituents can be used to plan studies on the antioxidant and polyphenolic potential of the species. In this work, the study object was the leaves and the bark of the Monguba do Cerrado (Pachira aquatic) and Quina do Cerrado (Strychnos pseudoquina) plants. Phytochemical screening was performed using the preliminary prospection methodology for the classes of secondary metabolites of alkaloids, steroids and triterpenoids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The samples were collected in the municipality of Itumbiara-GO, dried in an oven, crushed and preserved at -2ºC to preserve their properties until the tests. For the tests 40g portions of the dried and comminuted samples were used, mixed with 200 mL of ethanol, 95%. The mixture was heated to 50 ° C for 15 minutes with constant stirring, and thereafter filtered to obtain the ethanolic extract. The phytochemical tests carried out with the ethanolic extracts indicated the presence of flavonoids and saponins in Quina do cerrado (bark and leaf). The presence of tannins was identified in the extract of the bark of Monguba and the presence of alkaloids in the bark of Quina. The steroid / triterpenoid class was not identified in any of the ethanolic extracts.