Viabilidade econômica de modelos de negócio para a geração distribuída fotovoltaica no Brasil: estudos de casos em Goiás para clientes do Grupo B

Abstract

The use of renewable energy sources has grown over the years. Among the main reasons, one can list: greater environmental concern of the population, the search for sustainable socioeconomic development of nations and shortages of raw materials for non-renewable energy sources, in addition to the possibility of supplying electricity to customers located far from the sources of generation. In this scenario, the microgeneration of electrical energy from solar energy appears as a response. The main objective of this work is to identify the main business models for photovoltaic distributed generation, analyze their evolution, main characteristics, applicability in Brazil and to conduct case studies for the state of Goiás. It is shown a historical overview of the evolution of business models for photovoltaic systems. Next are presented the economic indicators that will be used in feasibility analysis such as, Net Pre-sent Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Profitability Index (PI), Discounted Payback (DP) and Cost Level Energy (LCOE). Later, cash flow modeling are made for the Acquisition, Rental and Shared Generation models. As a result, all the economic indicators were favorable to the implementation of the projects proposed for the first two business models. However for Shared Generation model the LCOE proved unfavorable for two different consumer units.